Normal reload
This will use the cache but revalidate everything during page load, looking for “304 Not Modified” responses. If the browser can avoid re-downloading cached JavaScript files, images, text files, etc. then it will.
Hard reload
Don’t use anything in the cache when making the request. Force the browser do re-download every JavaScript file, image, text file, etc.
Empty Cache and Hard Reload
This does hard reload – but also looks for items downloaded and cached after the page has loaded, such as adding a new script tag to your DOM, or by using RequireJS etc. Any AMD-based library (such as RequireJS) basically loads its scripts lazily. In that case, you have to empty the cache to make sure that really everything gets a hard reload.
Keyboard command to open devtools: Cmd + Opt + I — or J if you want to focus the console when opening.
